औद्योगिक सुरक्षा

औद्योगिक सुरक्षा प्रभाग का उद्देश्य - प्रशिक्षण, परामर्श, क्षेत्र अध्ययन, सर्वेक्षण और अन्य प्रचार गतिविधियों के माध्यम से कारखानों और डॉक की कार्य स्थितियों और सुरक्षा मानकों में सुधार प्राप्त करना है। इसने निम्नलिखित उपलब्धियों में योगदान दिया है:

• देश में एक सुरक्षा आंदोलन का विकास
• सुरक्षा पर राष्ट्रीय जागरूकता का निर्माण
• क्षमता निर्माण के माध्यम से राष्ट्रीय स्तर पर सुरक्षा पर इंफ्रा-स्ट्रक्चर (आधारिक संरचना) का विकास
• कारखानों और तकनीकी सहायता के निरीक्षकों के प्रशिक्षण के माध्यम से कारखानों अधिनियम का बेहतर प्रशासन।

एशियाई प्रशांत और अफ्रीकी देशों के कारखानों के श्रम प्रशासकों के लिए सुरक्षा के क्षेत्र में अंतर्राष्ट्रीय प्रशिक्षण।

अध्ययन और सर्वेक्षण

राष्ट्रीय सर्वेक्षण विशेष उद्योगों और संचालन में काम करने की स्थिति की स्थिति और सुरक्षा के मानकों का पता लगाने के लिए आयोजित किए जाते हैं।

इकाई स्तर के अध्ययन सुरक्षा संबंधी समस्याओं के आकलन और सुधारों के लिए सिफारिशों को तैयार करने के उद्देश्य से किए जाते हैं। ये अध्ययन प्रबंधन को सुरक्षा प्रणाली स्थापित करने, सुरक्षा कार्यक्रमों को स्थापित करने और अपने संगठनों में बेहतर सुरक्षा के लक्ष्य को प्राप्त करने की दिशा में आवश्यक कदम उठाने में भी मदद करते हैं। विशिष्ट समस्याओं के अध्ययन और सुधारात्मक उपायों के लिए सलाह देने के लिए कारखाना निरीक्षण जैसे प्रबंधन या सरकारी एजेंसियों के अनुरोध पर परामर्श, अध्ययन किया जाता है। राष्ट्रीय सर्वेक्षणों और इकाई स्तर के परामर्शों, अध्ययनों के निष्कर्ष नियमों और विनियमों का मसौदा तैयार करते समय और लक्ष्य समूहों के लिए विभिन्न व्यावसायिक सुरक्षा और स्वास्थ्य हस्तक्षेप मॉड्यूलों को डिजाइन करते हुए तकनीकी आदानों का स्रोत बन जाते हैं।

प्रशिक्षण

औद्योगिक सुरक्षा के क्षेत्र में अपनी अग्रणी भूमिका को ध्यान में रखते हुए विभाग, विदेशी प्रतिनिधियों के लाभ के लिए प्रशिक्षण का आयोजन कर रहा है, जिसमें कोलंबो योजना, विशेष राष्ट्रमंडल अफ्रीकी सहायता कार्यक्रम (एस.सी.ए.ए.पी.) और तकनीकी सहयोग के लिए राष्ट्रमंडल फैलोशिप जैसी विभिन्न तकनीकी सहयोग योजनाओं के तहत कारखाना निरीक्षक और श्रम प्रशासक शामिल हैं।

विशिष्ट प्रशिक्षण पाठ्यक्रम उद्योग से वरिष्ठ प्रबंधकों, सुरक्षा अधिकारियों, पर्यवेक्षकों, ट्रेड यूनियन अधिकारियों, और सुरक्षा समिति के सदस्यों जैसे पहचाने गए लक्षित समूहों के लिए आयोजित किए जाते हैं। इन पाठ्यक्रमों में से कुछ हैं:

• उठाने की मशीनरी का परीक्षण और परीक्षण, भार उठाने और दबाव वाले जहाजों को उठाना
• सुरक्षा लेखा परीक्षा (ऑडिट)
• रासायनिक उद्योग में सुरक्षा
• ुरक्षा प्रबंधन तकनीक
• औद्योगिक हवादार (वेंटिलेशन) और शोर

विशिष्ट उद्योगों और प्रमुख खतरों के नियंत्रण के निरीक्षण की आवश्यकता के मद्देनजर, इंस्पेक्टर ऑफ़ फैक्ट्रीज़ एक्ट 1948 में आवश्यक तकनीकी ज्ञान और कौशल प्रदान करने के लिए विशेष पाठ्यक्रम भी संचालित किए जाते हैं।

योग्य सुरक्षा अधिकारियों के साथ उद्योग और डॉक क्षेत्र प्रदान करने के लिए, डिवीजन औद्योगिक सुरक्षा में एक वर्षीय पोस्ट डिप्लोमा पाठ्यक्रम आयोजित करता है।

सुविधाएं

प्रभाग में निम्नलिखित सुविधाएं हैं:

• औद्योगिक सुरक्षा, स्वास्थ्य और कल्याण केंद्र
• कार्यशाला

औद्योगिक सुरक्षा, स्वास्थ्य और कल्याण केंद्र श्रमिकों की सुरक्षा और स्वास्थ्य को बढ़ावा देने के लिए तरीकों, व्यवस्थाओं और उपकरणों को प्रदर्शित करता है। इस केंद्र में सुरक्षा और कार्यस्थलों के सुरक्षा और अन्य स्वास्थ्य के संदेश के प्रचार-प्रसार के लिए उचित सुरक्षा वाली मशीनों, व्यक्तिगत सुरक्षात्मक उपकरण, प्रकाश और रंग योजनाओं और अन्य व्यवस्थाओं के रूप में सुरक्षा, स्वास्थ्य और कल्याण से संबंधित मॉडल और प्रदर्शन हैं। यह केंद्र उद्योग और शैक्षणिक संस्थानों के संगठित समूहों के लिए खुला है।

पर्यावरण (इंजीनियरिंग)अभियांत्रिकी विभाग

पर्यावरणीय अभियांत्रिकी विभाग को केंद्रीय श्रम संस्थान, मुंबई में सत्तर के दशक के दौरान व्यावसायिक स्वास्थ्य जोखिम जैसे हवा में होने वाले दूषित पदार्थों, शारीरिक जोखिम जैसे तनाव, कंपन, दोषपूर्ण औद्योगिक रोशनी आदि के निराकरण हेतु डाला गया था ।

Industrial Hygiene

The Industrial Hygiene division is concerned with the improvement of industrial work environment and comprises Industrial Hygiene Laboratory (IHL), Respiratory Equipment Testing Laboratory (RETL) and Non-Respiratory Equipment Testing Laboratory (NRTEL).

The division undertakes various studies/surveys, national projects and training courses to protect the health of industrial workers through identification, evaluation and control of occupational health hazards and advises the management on ways to meet the requirements prescribed in the Second Schedule (under Section 41F) to the Factories (Amendment) Act, 1987.

The RETL tests the performance and efficiency of indigenous respiratory personal protective equipment such as dust respirators and canisters/cartridge gas respirators,etc.and advises manufacturers on improvements required to meet prescribed standards.

The NRETL carries out the testing of indigenous non-respiratory personal protective equipment such as safety shoes,safety helmets,safety goggles, eye protectors, etc. These personal protective equipment are tested as per the specifications set by the Bureau of Indian Standards(BIS). Based on the test reports, technical advice and guidance on quality improvement are suggested to the entrepreneurs and manufacturers. User industries are also advised on proper selection, use, care and maintenance of various personal protective equipment.

The division also organises training courses in the areas of industrial hygiene for the specific group of industries given in the First Schedule, Section 2(cb) of the Factories (Amendment)Act,1987. These training courses are meant to help safety officers,chemists, supervisors and middle level managers in the identification, assessment and control of occupational hazards in their factories.

Industrial Medicine

The Industrial Medicine division aims to prevent and contain health hazards at the workplace brought in by industrialisation. The hazards may arise from chemicals or from physical factors such as noise, heat, vibration and radiation.

Occupational health studies and surveys on industries manufacturing asbestos, dyestuff, cement, chemical, engineering and ports handling such products are carried out to assess the incidence of occupational diseases. The division also runs a National Referral Diagnostic Centre to diagnose occupational diseases Suitable recommendations suchas medical surveillance, use of personal protective equipment, facilities for personal hygiene and first-aid are made to prevent and control health hazards.

National Referral Diagnostic Centre

Occupational disease assume a significant dimension in any country and more particularly, in a developing nation like India. There is a considerable prevalence of common disorders like lead poisoning, silicosis, asbestosis, pesticides poisoning, occupational hearing loss, etc. among the industrial workers.

While the emphasis on the prevention, early diagnosis and management of occupational diseases are well accepted as the proven strategy equally important is facilitating for confirming the cases of occupational diseases as these involve legal liabilities. In recognition of this need and the fact that such referral facilities are scarce in our country, a NRDC has been established by DGFASLI in the Central Labour Institute.

Suspected cases of occupational diseases are referred to these centers by Factory Medical Officers, Medical Inspectors of Factories, Certifying Surgeons, Public hospitals, etc. for opinion. The cases are physically examined, subjected to investigations at the institute and report is given by co-relating with the occupational history before arriving at a confirmed diagnosis.

Industrial Physiology

The Industrial Physiology division undertakes research and development work as well as consultancy services in the areas of Occupational Physiology and Ergonomics with a view to improving working conditions and also suggesting work station design and workplace layout to combat mismatch in the man-machine system. Research studies carried out by the division are in the following three major areas

Work physiology - It concentrates on physical work and its effects on man so that suitable work-rest regime for various kinds of physical activities can be determined and so also select the right man for the right job.

Environmental physiology - It helps to identify and assess the impact of factors like heat, humidity, thermal radiation and movement of air in the working environment so that limits of heat stress for day-to-day industrial work can be stipulated and suitable remedial measures prescribed.

Respiratory physiology - It determines the effects of dust, fumes, toxic gases, etc. on the pulmonary functions and work capacity of the exposed individuals and suggest remedial measures.

In the area of ergonomics the emphasis has been laid on the collection of anthropometric data from different regions of the country, which can be used in the design of work station, machinery, equipment, tools, etc.

The division conducts specialised training courses such as industrial ergonomics, occupational stress and industrial heat, etc.

Staff Training

A pilot project on supervisory training was organized in India by the International Labour Organisation in 1952. Encouraged by the results of the pilot project and realising that such training is an essential requirement for the successful implementation of the plans for the industrialisation of the country the Ministry of Labour, Government of India set up the Training Within Industry (TWI) Centre in Mumbai in 1955 with the assistance of the ILO. In keeping with the changing trend of manpower training and development activities, the centre was later renamed as the Staff Training Division.

The division :

• conducts comprehensive supervisory trainer development projects
• helps industry to setup training and development cells with persons trained by the division
• assists industry in institutionalising their manpower training and development efforts by helping them formulate their training and development plans

Over a period of time the activities have expanded to cover the training of management and trade union representatives to help organisation, create a climate conducive for the development of collaborative leadership and bring about improvement in working conditions and productivity. Towards this end, new courses for managers, supervisors, trade union representatives and bipartite forums covering socio- psychological and team building aspects have been developed and conducted.

The division has embarked upon the training of supervisory trainers in chemical industries and trainers of dock workers to help organisations discharge their training responsibility on safety and health aspects under the amended Factories Act and the Dock Workers (Safety, Health and Welfare) Regulations, respectively. These trainers, in turn, undertake the training of supervisors/workers on safety and health aspects in their organisations.

Industrial Psychology

The Industrial Psychology division is concerned with the assessment and evaluation of the nature of work, working conditions and work organisation. By carrying out multi-disciplinary studies, surveys and training courses, ways are sought for better management of human resources to ensure safety, health and welfare of the employees.

The main areas of research are:

• Psycho-social aspects of safety management
• Employee Participation in Safety & Health at Work
• Assessment and management of Occupational stress
• Mental health in the industry
• Psychological testing

The division undertakes consultancy studies and conducts training courses to bring about attitudinal and behavioral changes among workers, supervisors and senior managers in the areas related to safety and health at workplace. Some of the training courses are:

• Managing stress at work place
• Counseling for safety and health
• Management of human factors in safety and health
• Participative approach for safety and health at work
• Psychological testing for selection and placement of personnel
• Handling problem behaviour of employees

Productivity

The productivity division aimd at improving productivity vis-a-vis working conditions and promoting co-operation between labour and management in industrial units. The above objectives are sought to be achieved through training courses and consultancy projects. In consultancy projects a management and labour project team is formed and the experts of the division act as technical consultants and catalyst to the team.

Some of the courses conducted by the division are :

• Productivity techniques for effective employee participation
• Work study and wage incentives
• Wage & Salary Administration
• Office management

Man-power planning, job evaluation, productivity improvement, organisation and methods and wage incentives are some of the consultancy areas.

Major Hazards Chemical Safety Division (MH & CS)

Major Hazards & Chemical Safety Division (MH&CS) formerly known as Major Accident Hazard Control Advisory (MAHCA) Division was added to the CLI as well as in RLIs located at Chennai, Kanpur, & Kolkata in 1987. The Division was the outcome of the ILO project “Establishment and Initial Operation of Major Accident Hazards Control System” The project was executed by DGFASLI in collaboration with Factory Inspectorates of the various States and Union Territories . Although the project was completed in December, 1990, divisions continue to provide important services for the control of major accident hazards in the country. The activities of divisions were gradually enlarged to include other aspects of chemical safety. The name of the division was changed since the year 2007.

The important achievements are :

• Setting up of a 3-tier technical organisation on Major Accident Hazards Control (MAHC) at the national, regional and state levels.
• Preparation of Model Rules for Control of Industrial Major Accident Hazards.
• Training of Inspectors of Factories in the inspection of major accident hazard installations.
• Development and publication of training manuals and checklists.
• Preparation of guidelines for inspection of chemical plants, on-site emergency plans and safety reports.

The division offers the following services :

• Conducting training courses, seminars and workshops on Major Accident Hazard Control and Chemical Safety for various identified target groups, namely senior executives, trade union leaders, senior government officials, safety officers and members of safety committees in industries.
• Organizing specialized training courses/workshops on Hazard and Operability (HAZOP) study. Pipeline safety, Safety in process control, dispersion modeling and safety audit.
• Conducting studies and surveys on specialized areas of Risk Assessment, HAZOP Safety audit in process industries

Communication

The Communication division was set up to produce video films, audio visual aids and preparation and publication of booklets, pamphlets, leaflets, etc. on occupational safety and health aspects to create public awareness. It also provides audio visual facility to support various activities of the organisation. It has plan to develop computer aided instruction packages (interactive video programmes) on safety and health.

Auditorium and Conference Rooms

he Central Labour Institute has an auditorium with a seating capacity for 300 persons. It has 3 air-conditioned conference rooms, fully equipped with audio visual aids. Two conference rooms have a seating capacity of approximately 30 persons each and one conference room for 15 persons. A fully furnished class room having a capacity of 60 students is also available.

Hostel

The institute also has a well furnished hostel with facility for catering to both the international and national level participants.